What is the main factor that led to the decline of wood use in aviation?

The primary factor leading to the decline of wood use in aviation is technological advancements in materials. Throughout the 20th century, there has been significant development in aviation materials, particularly with the introduction and refinement of metals, such as aluminum, and composites. These materials offer superior strength-to-weight ratios, better resistance to environmental factors, and improved durability compared to wood. For instance, aluminum can withstand extreme conditions without the structural weaknesses that wood can exhibit, such as warping, rot, or decay.

As aircraft design evolved to prioritize performance, fuel efficiency, and safety, the benefits of advanced materials quickly outpaced those of wood. This shift allowed for the creation of structures that are lighter, stronger, and more capable of handling the stresses of flight. Therefore, the innovations in material science have fundamentally transformed the aviation industry, making modern aircraft predominantly made from metals and composites rather than wood.

While availability of timber, environmental regulations, and humidity stability issues do play a role in specific contexts, they are secondary factors compared to the overarching impact of material technology advancements that have reshaped the industry.